Robert Jensen

Pornography and the End of Masculinity By Robert Jensen

Pornography is big business, a thriving multi-billion dollar industry so powerful it drives the direction of much media technology. It also makes for complicated politics. Anti-pornography arguments are frequently dismissed as patently "anti-sex"--and ultimately "anti-feminist"--silencing at the gate a critical discussion of pornography's relationship to violence against women and even what it means to be a "real man." In his most personal and difficult book to date, Robert Jensen launches a powerful critique of mainstream pornography that promises to reignite one of the fiercest debates in contemporary feminism. At once alarming and thought-provoking, Getting Off asks tough but crucial questions about pornography, manhood, and paths toward genuine social justice. Listen here to Robert Jensen's discussion of the reach and impact of pornography in US society as a guest on WORT-FM's "A Public Affair" program on March 9, 2007, hosted by Diane Farsetta and produced by WORT-FM.

Robert Jensen writes that double penetration is inherently sexist and degrading to women:

After a talk at Stanford University to a mixed-gender audience, a man raised a similar question, this time about a double anal (the practice in pornographic movies in which a woman is penetrated anally by two men at the same time). Was I suggesting a double anal is inherently degrading to women, he asked? I don't remember exactly how I answered the question that evening, but I remember clearly what I wanted to say to him. I wanted to suggest to this privileged young man at one of the United States' most elite universities that we conduct an experiment. I wanted to ask him to come to the front of the room and take off all his clothes in front of the group, lie down on his back, put his legs up, and make his anus as open and available as possible. Then we would ask other men could volunteer to do a double anal on him, and he could then report back to us about whether that experience felt degrading. It would have been inappropriate for me as an older man with a professor's status to be so harsh to a student, and I was more measured in my response. But that's what I wanted to say to him: Why don't you come up here and we'll let two of the biggest guys in the room fuck you in the ass at the same time so that you can tell us from direct experience whether a double anal is inherently degrading.

May 11, 2007

*Why do you write about porn? Was there a specific event that pushed you toward this? Why a book on porn?*

I began my research and writing on pornography in 1988, as a graduate student interested in freedom of expression. The debate over the feminist critique of pornography was at that point one of the most important sites of struggle over the meaning of free speech. I began with fairly traditional liberal/libertarian views on the subject but began reading the feminists who were critiquing pornography. I came to realize that their analysis was compelling, the best way to understand the nature of pornography and its role in contemporary society. I also began to realize that radical feminism offered a framework of analysis for me to counter the toxic conceptions of masculinity with which men in this culture -- including me -- had grown up. No single event sparked this process, nor was there a single moment of epiphany.

I wrote this book because, after 18 years of research on the subject, it seemed time to bring together that work in a book for the general public (not for an academic audience), especially as ordinary people's legitimate concerns about pornography are intensifying in the internet age. I think it's important that there be as widely available as possible as many expressions of the feminist critique as possible, to give people a way to express their concerns without having to place them in the language of the right-wing and religious critiques.

* What is new in your critiques of porn?*

The feminist analysis first articulated by Andrea Dworkin remains the most compelling analysis available. If anything, it's clearer than ever that Andrea was right on target in her work; pornography has become more overtly misogynistic and racist since she began her work, and the negative consequences of a pornographic culture are more evident than ever. So, in one sense, there's nothing fundamentally new in my book. But I hope the book makes a contribution to people's understanding by (a) offering an updated analysis of the content of contemporary mass-marketed heterosexual pornography; (b) placing that analysis in a clear critique of masculinity; (c) from the perspective of a man, in language that is accessible to everyone.

* How have your interactions with pornographers/porn stars affected your views of pornography?*

I have attended two Adult Entertainment Expos in Las Vegas in recent years and talked to as many people in the industry as possible. I've debated the editor of Hustler magazine on the radio. I read Adult Video News and industry web sites. I listen to voices from the industry often, and nothing I hear undermines the feminist critique. Pornographers often assert that they are simply producing "adult entertainment," but their own words describing their work help us understand why pornography is so relentlessly misogynistic and racist. That's why I quote people in the industry in my book.

* How have your views on porn changed over time? Was there a time when you were an addict to porn or noticed that porn had a negative effect on you?*

I have written about my own history of using pornography as a child and a young man, up to the time I encountered the feminist critique. Like many men, I used pornography with other men in male-bonding exercises, and I used it when I was alone. My use was episodic, not habitual. I don't ever use the term "addiction" to describe intense or repeated pornography use, but in the common-sense use of the term, no, I was never a porn addict. But did pornography have negative effects on me? Yes, that's the argument of my book -- that men's use of pornography not only has clear and dramatic negative effects that harm women but negative consequences for men as well. In the book I set my own history in the larger story of the culture.

* How do you balance your crusading impulse with your objective journalistic impulse?*

I don't think I have a crusading impulse. I have spent nearly 20 years researching an aspect of contemporary culture that I conclude has a variety of harmful effects on the real lives of real people. Engaging in political organizing and speaking out against something that I have concluded is damaging and inconsistent with social justice doesn't strike me as crusading. I think of it as part of my obligation as a citizen, especially as a very privileged person who is paid to do intellectual work. Beyond that, the heart-and-soul of the best journalism always has been addressing the injustices in the modern world. In that sense, my writing on pornography -- while not "journalistic"; in the narrow sense that the term is used in commercial newsrooms in the United States -- is very much in an honorable journalistic tradition.